Deafness:
Students
with high level of hearing impairments. Here are a few helpful tips for
teachers: face the class while speaking for lip readers, assign notetakers or
interpreters.
Characteristics
of Students Who Are Deaf:
1. Typically no visible
indicators, but students who are deaf often use hearing aides or cochlear
implants to amplify sound.
2. Students have difficulty
learning vocabulary, grammar, word order, and idiomatic expressions.
3. Frequent requests for
repetition or clarification.
4. Tendency to bluff when not
hearing someone due to the fear of asking them to repeat themselves.
5. Students can lack maturity
for the following reasons:
a. Rules of etiquette are
acquired through listening and imitating, which is not possible for individuals
who are deaf.
b. Students fail to develop
group social skills because interactions involving multiple conversations are
confusing.
Types
of Hearing Loss:
1. Conductive: Disease or
obstruction in the outer or middle ear. Students can derive benefit from
hearing aids and cochlear implants.
2. Sensorineural: Occurs in the
cranial nerve, inner ear, or central processing center of the brain.
Sensorineural deafness is very difficult to treat.
3. Mixed hearing loss: Occurs in the outer,
middle, and inner ear. Hearing aides may help but have limited
effect.
4. Central hearing loss: Damage or impairment to
the nerves or nuclei of the central nervous system, either in the pathways to
the brain or the brain itself. Central hearing loss is very rare and very
hard to treat.
Suggested
Learning Strategies:
-Teacher Tips:
1. Reduce ambient noise in
the classroom.
2. Face the class while
presenting information.
3. Use appropriate body
language, facial features, and signals while speaking.
4. Stand in one location,
rather than moving around the room. Make sure the student is sitting near
the teacher to facilitate lip-reading.
5. Use visual aids as often
as possible.
6. Speak clearly, but do not
exaggerate sounds while speaking.
7. Enroll in a sign language
course, or at least learn some useful signs.
8. Create peer support
9. Help students learn to use
their residual hearing to the maximum extent possible.
-Learning Tools:
1. Assigned services-
including interpreters, note takers, teachers’ aides or integration
assistants.
2. Amplification devices for
students with some residual hearing
a. Hearing aids
b. FM system (student has a
small speaker, teacher uses a small microphone)
c. Cochlear implants
(sophisticated electronic hearing device that transmit electric signals to the
brain).
3. American Sign Language
(ASL)
4. Manually Coded
English (MCE) such as: Signed Exact English (SEE)
5. C-Print (a typist is
present in class using standard abbreviation to capture what is being
said. Students read information on a computer screen).
6. Teachers should include
closed captioning when showing videos.
Additional
Resources:
• National Dissemination
Center For Children with Disabilities: http://nichcy.org/tags/deafness-or-hearing-impairment
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